#Osirix windows ecocardiography keygen#
ĭiagnosis can be problematic due to the heterogeneity of LVNC and the naturally trabeculated nature of the LV. The condition is highly heterogeneous with a range of physiologies including: a so-called benign form with normal LV function dilated form with reduced LV function hypertrophic form hypertrophic and dilated form restrictive form and associated with congenital heart disease. Left ventricular (LV) noncompaction (LVNC) is an important and widely recognized morphological trait consisting of prominent trabeculation, a thin compacted myocardial layer, and deep intertrabecular recesses in some cases. Fractal scoring accurately distinguishes between LVNC, hyper-trabeculation and healthy controls as defined by the Petersen criteria. It is technically feasible to perform fractal analysis in children using CMR and that it is quick, accurate and reproducible. Fractal analysis showed lower intra- and interobserver variability than the Petersen and Jacquier methods. The highest maximum FD was in the apical portion of the LV in the LVNC group, (1.467 SEM 0.035) whereas it was in the mid ventricle in the hyper-trabeculated (1.327 SEM 0.025) and healthy groups (1.251 SEM 0.042).
Global fractal dimension (FD) was higher in the LVNC group than in the hyper-trabeculated group: 1.345 (SEM 0.053) vs 1.252 (SEM 0.034), p < 0.001 and higher in hyper-trabeculated group than in controls: 1.252 (SEM 0.034) vs 1.158 (SEM 0.038), p < 0.001. Statistical comparison of the fractal scores between the 3 groups was performed.
The fractal scores for each group were presented as global and maximal fractal dimension as well as for 3 segments of the LV: basal, mid, and apical. The aim of this study was to investigate the utility and feasibility of fractal analysis in children.Įighty-four subjects underwent CMR: (1) 28 patients with LVNC (as defined by the Petersen criteria with NC/C ratio \(\ge\) 2.3) (2) 28 patients referred by clinicians for assessment of hyper-trabeculation and found not to qualify as LVNC (NC/C \(\ge\) 1.8 and < 2.3) (3) 28 controls. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) derived fractal analysis of the left ventricle (LV) has been shown in adults to be a useful quantitative measure of trabeculation with high reproducibility and accuracy for the diagnosis of LV non-compaction (LVNC).